Injury to the anal canal can cause tears in the lining of the anus, known as anal fissures. Anal fissures can cause pain and bleeding, but acute anal fissures (those lasting no more than 6 weeks) usually heal on their own with self-care. Self-care treatment for anal fissures includes the following methods to help relieve discomfort and promote healing. Staying hydrated, sufficient fiber intake either through fiber-rich diet or fiber supplements, over-the-counter laxatives, healthy regulation of bowel movements, and increased attention to anal hygiene are usually adequate to heal most anal fissures. For persistent fissures, more aggressive measures such as prescription nitrate ointment, blood pressure-lowering medications, Botox injections, and minor surgery can be taken.
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